drainage tea. Drainage miracle drink for strong weight loss

Metabolic disorders, heavy physical work, inactivity - all this can cause stagnation of water and lymph in the body. In addition to measures to correct nutrition and normalize physical activity, drainage drinks are used to eliminate such deviations. They are widely known, and as a prophylactic against puffiness, and as one of the ways to reduce weight, as well as an assistant in the fight against various diseases.

Drainage drinks and their specifics

A drainage drink is a drink whose action is aimed at accelerating metabolism, normalizing the water-salt balance in the body, by improving the lymphatic flow in all organs and systems.

Conventionally, this tool can be divided into the following types:

  • water with the addition of any components;
  • pure freshly squeezed juices from fruits and vegetables, as well as herbs;
  • decoctions and infusions of herbs, their combination;
  • mixtures and drinks sold in pharmacies and specialized stores.

The use of a drainage drink is relevant in medicine as an aid in the fight against diseases that increase swelling, accumulation of salts and toxins in the body. With obesity, congestion, cellulite, these funds are used as accelerators of metabolism and weight loss, which occurs due to the normalization of metabolism and the removal of excess fluid. Drainage drinks can also be used as a prophylactic. For example, if you use them after a hard day's work to avoid puffiness the next day.

The main effect of drainage drinks is to accelerate the lymphatic flow, which allows you to normalize the water-salt balance and improve metabolism.

Benefits of drainage drinks

Before highlighting a few of the main benefits of drinking drainage drinks, it should be noted that these remedies are not something unique. In the pharmacy, of course, you will find a lot of ready-to-eat products, laid out in portions, with a description of the rules for taking, and so on, however, almost every one of you is familiar with drainage drinks and outside the package. You encounter them daily. For example, green tea, water with lemon or lingonberry infusion.

Positive aspects of drainage drinks

Absolute accessibility

The variety of recipes for this tool makes it possible for everyone to try out its effect on themselves. To do this, it is not necessary to buy an expensive branded mixture or a vial of liquid at a pharmacy or a specialty store, you can just look in the refrigerator. If you have a lemon, and a couple of tea bags with lemon balm are lying around on the shelf, or some lingonberry leaves are left somewhere, or maybe long-harvested cranberries and lingonberries are bored in the freezer - all this, so simple and affordable, can become a raw material for a drainage drink .

Ease of use

As a rule, drainage drinks are consumed on an empty stomach, before meals or, for example, shortly before physical training or lymphatic drainage massage. There are no special rules for the use of this tool. Adjustment in dosages and method of application can only change due to the individual characteristics of the organism.

Acceleration of metabolism

Proper use of drainage drinks allows you to speed up your metabolism, greatly speeding up the work of the gastrointestinal tract, thereby resolving the issue of complications in the process of defecation. This same fact helps the nutrients obtained from food and supplements to be absorbed and assimilated more efficiently, and therefore, to bring greater benefits. By speeding up your metabolism, you may feel more hungry, but you will be able to control such hunger better. For weight loss and body shaping, this factor plays an important role in the rapid destruction of body fat, including secondary, the most difficult.

Normalization of the lymphatic flow

Stagnation in the lymphatics will gradually disperse and the movement of the lymph will return to normal, thereby starting active work to regulate the water-salt balance in the body. This will allow you to get rid of excess fluid that has stagnated in the tissues of the body and organs within a few days. This at the first stage of losing weight can help to lose up to 5 kg of excess weight!

Vitaminization

Most of the drainage drinks in their composition have additional nutrients and vitamins. This applies to both purchased products and home-made products. Therefore, the use of this kind of products also helps to strengthen the body (with moderate use).

Great helper for weight loss

In combination with proper nutrition and physical training, a drainage drink will allow you to quickly get rid of primary fat and outline long-lost harmony. Drainage can be used when drying the body.

Precautions and contraindications

Given the active effect of drainage drinks in the body, it is worth noting their negative aspects and contraindications for use for certain categories of people.

Caution should be exercised if:

  • there are allergic reactions on the skin and mucous membranes (redness, itching, rash, pustular formations) - one of the components of the selected drainage can provoke a worsening of the situation, so you should first contact an allergist or dermatologist;
  • your body is prone to allergic reactions;
  • you have a normal weight, but you are worried about severe swelling - it is better to first consult an endocrinologist or therapist;
  • the percentage of obesity is too high - the causes of obesity must first be established and the ability to safely use drainage drinks;
  • there are some disorders of the urinary or lymphatic system;
  • you have beriberi - in some cases, drainage can lead to a complication of beriberi if the body is very weakened;
  • you are in an unstable emotional state.

Drainage drinks should not be used if:

  • this is assumed for a child under 10-12 years old (in all cases, consultation with a specialist is recommended);
  • you are pregnant (by prescription only);
  • you suffer from a lack of body weight;
  • you have acute and chronic disorders of the kidneys, genitourinary system, liver, stomach and intestines;
  • you are dehydrated;
  • very hot weather.

Drainage drinks from the pharmacy and at home

The convenience of pharmaceutical drainage drinks is undeniable. Among the disadvantages of such products, one can note the relative high cost and not always a positive effect (given the individual characteristics of a particular person). To reduce risks, you should remember a few simple rules:

  • expensive does not mean high-quality (study the composition!);
  • a company is not always a guarantee of the quality and effectiveness of a product (read reviews, consult doctors, study the manufacturer's website, if it exists at all);
  • never buy "super" drainage drinks via the Internet, from hands and in dubious shops;
  • any drainage drink sold in a pharmacy must have a quality certificate (you can check it in the general register of medicines and dietary supplements registered in Russia).
  • drainage is not a panacea (for stable weight loss, nutrition correction and sports are needed).

Things are easier with drainage drinks that can be prepared at home. Firstly, you decide what will be in this drink. Secondly, you will not add anything superfluous there and get the maximum effect.

The most popular ingredients for homemade drainage drinks are:

  • water;
  • lemon and honey;
  • infusions of lingonberry leaves, currants, young birch leaves;
  • green tea;
  • cranberries and lingonberries;
  • melissa, mint;
  • dill and parsley, fennel (dill water);
  • strawberry;
  • beet juice, zucchini, cucumber, etc.

If you can not lose weight in any way, then turn your attention to drinks for weight loss. On the one hand, it seems too simple - to drink and lose weight, but on the other hand, if you understand the essence of the process, then the mechanism of weight loss becomes clear. First of all, this method helps to cleanse the body of accumulated toxins. As a result, metabolism improves, which leads to an acceleration of metabolism and a decrease in body volume.

Excess weight is not only a problem of body fat, but also the accumulation of unnecessary fluid in cells and tissues. It needs drainage to get it out. The availability of this method makes it popular, and its effectiveness has been proven in practice by a large number of happy women who have lost their hated centimeters and kilograms.

As with any other method, before using fat-burning drinks, you should carefully read the contraindications. These include:

    pregnancy, breastfeeding;

    allergic reactions to components of plant origin;

    problems with the gastrointestinal tract, indigestion;

    chronic diseases of the liver, kidneys, gallbladder;

    children's age up to 12 years.

TOP 7 most popular recipes

Water.

No matter how trite and strange it may sound, but ordinary water can work wonders with our body. Drinking two liters daily, you ensure the work of every cell, reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and prevent constipation. This is a preventive measure to ensure harmony and well-being. Water helps to lose weight, and this is a fact. And it is also the simplest and always available means.

Ginger tea.

Grate the ginger root on a fine grater or grind in a blender. Pour a teaspoon of the resulting slurry with 250 ml of boiling water. Insist 10 minutes. In the resulting infusion, add honey to taste.

Ginger is rich in amino acids, it improves digestion, improves immunity, and gives vigor. Honey improves immunity, has antiseptic properties, contains many vitamins and minerals, essential oils.

Sassi water.

For two liters of water, take one medium-sized fresh cucumber and a lemon. Cut everything into thin slices, add a teaspoon of chopped ginger, fresh mint leaves. Mix all the ingredients and refrigerate for 10-12 hours. Drink throughout the day in small sips.

Cucumber has diuretic properties, contains many trace elements. Lemon is good for digestion, it has a lot of vitamin C and it can dull the feeling of hunger. Mint helps to remove toxins.

Kefir with cinnamon.

Add a teaspoon of cinnamon to a glass of kefir. Stir the mixture.

Kefir reduces appetite, improves peristalsis. Cinnamon reduces blood sugar, reduces swelling, and has an antimicrobial effect. Ideally, you can replace one of the meals with such a drink - for example, dinner. The result will not keep you waiting! For a drink, you must use fresh kefir, that is, the release date on the package must be exactly the current number. The fact is that fresh kefir has laxative properties, and yesterday or the day before yesterday can cause constipation.

Parsley infusion.

Greens of fresh parsley (bunch) finely chop and pour a glass of boiling water. Let it brew for 20 minutes, strain. Drink before meals three times a day. The tool has a decongestant effect and reduces appetite.

Vitamin Drainage Drink.

Combine a glass of rosehip broth with two tablespoons of lemon juice and add a pinch of red pepper. The taste of the drink is peculiar, but the effect is impressive. This is a vitamin charge for your body, a drainage effect and an acceleration of digestion.

citrus cocktail.

Take 2 grapefruits, 2 oranges, 1 lemon and a teaspoon of honey. Squeeze juice from fruits with a juicer, mix with honey. Consume for breakfast or lunch. It is not recommended for dinner due to the invigorating effect. With caution, this drink should be taken by those who have stomach problems. Such a cocktail will charge you with positive for the whole day, help digestion and burn excess fat.

The above drinks for weight loss and cocktails reduce appetite, remove toxins, cleanse the body, intestines, improve well-being, give vigor and good mood.

It's easy to make them at home. This process will take no more than 10 minutes. Take some time for your body, and it will respond with smooth operation, clear beautiful skin without acne. And also the hair will become more shiny, and the nails hard.

Summing up, I would like to say that the problem of losing weight must be approached creatively and comprehensively. If you eat fast food with drinks for weight loss, then you will not see the result. Proper balanced nutrition, sports, drainage drinks - all together will provide you with harmony and ease.

Watch your health. Beauty starts from within!

When the water-salt balance changes, fluid is retained in the tissues of the body. Edema is not only bags under the eyes that spoil the appearance, thickened ankles, excess weight and the inability to remove the ring from the finger. The accumulation of fluid occurs in all organs and systems, as a result of which intestinal metabolism slows down, intracranial pressure increases, a feeling of nausea appears and a headache occurs.

Diuretics are able to quickly cope with the problem, but they wash out nutrients from the body in large quantities.

Drainage drinks for weight loss and removal of excess fluid from the body are much milder and can be prepared at home. And this means - "treatment" will be inexpensive.

The easiest way to get rid of edema

You may be surprised, but getting rid of excess fluid in the body, and at the same time extra pounds, is easiest with the help of ordinary pure water.

If you drink a glass of cool water on an empty stomach and before each meal, you can simultaneously speed up the digestion process and reduce the amount of food consumed.

We can say about water that this drainage miracle drink is not only the most common, but also the cheapest. If you purchase a water filter once, in the future you can “extract” it immediately from the tap.

In order for water to contribute to the removal of toxins from the body, you need to drink at least 2 liters per day and actively engage in sports.

By the way, drinking a glass of water before eating, you can learn to distinguish the feeling of hunger from the feeling of thirst. Modern man does not realize why there is an emptiness in the stomach. The same center of the brain is responsible for the feeling of thirst and hunger. Sometimes after a glass of water, the discomfort in the stomach disappears.

The second easiest draining drink to make is water with lemon juice. Preparing it is extremely simple - squeeze half a lemon into a glass of hot water, drink the drink daily before meals and in the morning.

It must be borne in mind: this drink has not only a diuretic effect, it increases bile secretion. If you are planning some important meeting, it is worth postponing his appointment "for later".

The next very simple way to remove toxins and toxins is to drink kefir regularly. It not only stimulates metabolism in the intestines, cleansing it of toxins, but also helps to restore microflora in it.

To cleanse the body, low-fat kefir, which has a temperature of about 20ºС, is drunk twice a day in slow sips, instead of snacks. It is effective to arrange fasting kefir days once a week: for the whole drink an unlimited amount of clean water and about 1.5 liters of kefir.

Excess water can be removed with another simple drink. It is called very beautifully and mysteriously - hydromel. It is water with lemon juice, to which honey is added. A tablespoon of honey is enough for a glass of water. They drink hydromel in the same way as water with lemon, but this drink acts a little softer.

Recipes for effective drainage drinks for weight loss


Herbal teas easily cope with the removal of excess fluid from the body. You can buy ready-made tea in the store, or make tea leaves for weight loss yourself.

Herbal teas from the following raw materials will help get rid of edema and extra pounds.

In addition, the beneficial substances that are in the composition of herbal raw materials tone the body:

  • Calendula tea. Insist 2 teaspoons of dry chopped grass in 2 glasses of water for 15 minutes, drink 100 ml before each meal, but not more than 3 times a day;
  • Tincture mother-and-stepmother. You need to take 2 tablespoons of dry raw materials, brew a glass of boiling water and insist in a warm place for about an hour. Take a tablespoon on an empty stomach and before going to bed;
  • Before eating, they drink a tablespoon of strawberry tea, which is prepared as follows: 2 tablespoons of herbal raw materials - berries and leaves - insist 2 hours in a glass of boiling water;
  • Currant leaf tea has a diuretic and choleretic effect. The drink is very tasty and fragrant, they drink it with pleasure. It can be made from dried leaves or fresh. About 6-9 leaves are infused in a glass of boiling water and the liquid is drunk during the day;
  • Birch leaf tea is used in the same way. It is prepared similarly to currant leaf tea. Only honey must be added to the drink, otherwise it will be impossible to drink it - it tastes bitter.

The following recipes will show you how to master the production of multi-ingredient drainage drinks at home:

  • Ginger drink with garlic and lemon. The root of fresh or dried ginger is grated, crushed garlic, lemon, honey are added to it. Drink warm. It is advisable not to leave the cleansing of the body in the evening - the drink not only has a drainage effect - it tones. In a glass of boiling water, brew a teaspoon of ginger root, half a garlic clove, add honey and lemon in a teaspoon;
  • Another drainage drink recipe. Lemon juice is mixed with a pharmacy version of rosehip syrup, 2 rings of red hot pepper are added, and all the ingredients are poured with boiling water. It is necessary to drink during the day;
  • A drainage drink made from parsley juice not only removes toxins from the body, but also blocks the feeling of hunger. Juice is extracted from a bunch of fresh parsley: they cut it, knead it with a wooden pusher. The juice is poured into a glass of boiling water, heated in a water bath, not boiling. If the drink boils, it loses its beneficial properties. Drink it in the morning, half a glass. You can only eat after 2 hours.


Drainage action have green cocktails. They are made from the juice of fruits and vegetables. An excellent fat burner is a drink that combines the juices of cucumber, parsley, dill and celery.

Varieties of high-quality teas have a positive effect on all body systems, many of them help to lose weight. Drainage teas for weight loss are a fairly large group of herbal, green and black drinks, as many varieties are able to provide this effect in combination with other attractive characteristics.

How does drainage tea work?

Drinks with a draining effect are teas that help to cope with cellulite and extra pounds. But the effect of tea is not limited to this:

  • drainage drink has a positive effect on the digestive system;
  • with regular use, drainage tea promotes fat burning processes;
  • it also "drives" harmful substances out of the body;
  • normalizes blood microcirculation;
  • accelerates the process of food processing, stimulates the activity of the gastrointestinal tract and helps nutrients, vitamins and other components to be absorbed much faster;
  • removes all excess fluid, thus removing swelling.

Drainage tea stimulates the outflow of lymph, the water-salt balance also returns to normal, as a result of which the fluid in the body no longer stagnates. This effect is manifested not only in the upper layers of the skin, but envelops literally all organs! Additionally, tea starts the process of burning fat and promotes weight loss.

Important! From green or in bags bought in a store, it is hardly possible to expect a drainage effect and weight loss, like any other positive action. Even high-quality producers, after gaining popularity, often begin to dilute good raw materials with waste from production.

Features of the use of drainage teas

For weight loss, you should not drink such varieties of tea if:

  • there are obvious allergic reactions on the skin, such as itching, rash and redness;
  • you know for sure that there is an allergy to any products. In this case, it is better to talk to a doctor;
  • in the presence of normal weight, but large edema, there may be disorders associated with the heart, kidneys and other organs, so you need to see a doctor;
  • you are too obese. Drainage drinks can be ineffective and unsafe;
  • tea should not be drunk with disorders associated with the urinary system and lymph;
  • with beriberi, the use of drainage teas for weight loss is unacceptable, since the active ingredients of drinks can weaken the body even more;
  • you are stressed, constantly in a state of depression or neurosis.

  • under the age of 18;
  • during pregnancy;
  • with dystrophy, anorexia and any other form of lack of mass;
  • in the presence of pathologies of the kidneys, reproductive system, intestines, liver;
  • with dehydration;
  • in very hot weather.

Remember! Drainage tea for weight loss has a very noticeable diuretic effect, so it is recommended to drink it only when you have direct access to the toilet. It is undesirable to drink such a drink at work or before going out.

Tea varieties with a drainage effect

Almost all varieties of green tea have a slight drainage effect, they can be enhanced with the help of additional components. There are several special varieties that perfectly remove excess fluid and affect the digestive tract, metabolic processes:

  • chinese oolong tea- contains polyphenol, which stimulates the process of burning fat. It has a mild diuretic effect. When consumed 3-4 cups burns up to 400 and promotes weight loss. Also, this variety contains very little caffeine and extremely effectively affects the metabolic processes, removes toxins;
  • chinese pu-erh tea- has a rejuvenating effect and promotes incredibly fast cell recovery. Stimulates the pancreas and helps to cope with fatty foods. For a full drainage effect, you need to drink pu-erh every day in the amount of 2-3 cups. Contains a lot of caffeine, refrain from drinking at night;
  • white tea varieties "Silver Needles" and "White Peony" will be the best assistants in the process of losing weight. They remove excess fluid;

  • another well-deserved variety of tea, considered one of the most effective in losing weight, is it's matcha. Green powder has an incredible effect on metabolism, but it also has a strong diuretic effect;
  • blooming Sally does not belong to the Chinese, Japanese or Thai varieties, but it helps to lose weight very well. Perfectly removes excess fluid and makes the metabolism function properly.

Important! can be used as part of drainage drinks, but by themselves they are not considered effective in combating edema and extra pounds.

Some interesting recipes

Special components will help to repeatedly enhance the drainage effect. With their help, you can create delicious and original drinks that fill the body with useful trace elements:

  1. Brew 1 tbsp. l. turmeric and twice as much black tea in 0.5 liters of water. Leave for 20 minutes and strain. Dilute with water before drinking. Instead of turmeric, you can use cinnamon or cardamom.
  2. Add to 3 tsp. Ivan-tea 2 cups boiling water, then insist 5 minutes and strain. Add some lemon juice and cinnamon on the tip of a knife. It is better to drink in the morning before meals.
  3. Add to 1 tbsp. l. blueberry leaf 1 tsp green tea and pour 0.5 liters of boiling water. Insist 30 minutes. Drink 100 ml before meals.
  4. Add to 1 tbsp. l. green raw materials 2 tbsp. l. frozen cranberries. Brew in 0.5 liters of hot water and leave for an hour.
  5. Add to 1 tsp. oolong 3 tsp chamomile. You can drink at night.

By themselves, drainage teas in the process of losing weight cannot serve as the main means of getting rid of extra pounds. They provide natural support for the body and multiply all the steps you take to achieve optimal physical fitness: sports, following the principles of a balanced diet, beauty treatments and the use of various products for weight loss.

To quickly get rid of excess subcutaneous fat, exercise and diet are sometimes not enough. After all, a large percentage of excess weight is precisely the liquid that lingers in the tissues and sometimes adds several kilograms to us. Drainage drinks for weight loss help to bring it out. It is not difficult to cook them at home, besides, they are very tasty and healthy.

Main Ingredients

It is clear that it will not be difficult for you to buy a ready-made drainage drink for weight loss. Reviews of such products in most cases are positive. But many people, despite active advertising and propaganda, still hold the opinion that making a cleansing drink at home is much more profitable. In addition, it will save your body from unnecessary "chemistry" and will be beneficial to health, as it is made from natural components rich in vitamins and trace elements.

Usually, the composition of drainage liquids includes the following ingredients: medicinal herbs, lemon, honey, ginger, mint, rose hips, parsley, pepper, berries. They are able not only to remove excess fluid from the body, but also to strengthen the immune system, eliminate cellulite. Representatives of the weaker sex often resort to such recipes, who claim that in the first days after using such a miracle drink they manage to get rid of 1-1.5 kilograms. A quick result cannot but rejoice, it is especially easy to achieve it with the help of the following recipes.

Honey drinks

For weight loss, made on the basis of honey, very effective. It owes its success to the main component, because its beneficial properties cannot be underestimated: the bee product actively helps to cleanse the body, frees it from toxins and toxins without any problems. Making a drink is easy. You will need: a glass of water, one teaspoon of honey, a tablespoon of freshly squeezed lemon juice. It is necessary to take a drink before meals three times a day. It is important that during its preparation the water is at room temperature. Mix the ingredients well until a homogeneous mass is formed.

Many cook and birch-honey drainage Reviews indicate that they work much better, although they take longer to cook. You need to take dry birch leaves and pour them with a glass of boiling water. The mixture is infused for about 15 minutes. Then the liquid is filtered and a spoonful of honey is added to it. It is recommended to drink in the morning and evening before the main meal.

Berry drainages

Strawberries or currants are usually taken as the basis. It is these berries that are famous for their diuretic properties, which will provide you with a quick disposal of excess fluid. The first recipe for a drainage drink for weight loss is quite simple: two tablespoons of dried berries and strawberry leaves are evaporated in a glass of boiling water. Then the mixture is infused for several hours. The liquid is filtered. Can be taken four times a day (one tablespoon 15 minutes before meals). Tasty and healthy.

As for currants, the recipe is similar. The only difference is in the application - 1/2 cup three times a day. To increase the volume of the mixture, double or even triple the composition of the main ingredients. Many women prepare berry drainage drinks for weight loss at home. Reviews about them are positive, because they do a good job of removing water from the body. Unfortunately, they also have side effects: flatulence and frequent stools. Therefore, they are advised to drink to people suffering from frequent constipation and indigestion.

Miracle parsley

A drainage drink for weight loss prepared from it will remove excess fluid in a day. In addition, parsley can remove swelling and reduce appetite, which is also true for people who dream of getting rid of hated kilograms. You need to take drainage from this greenery regularly - three times a day. At the same time, it is recommended to combine the drink with a dietary diet: eating low-fat foods, separate meals, and so on.

For cooking, you need a bunch of parsley. It is finely chopped, poured with a glass of boiling water and insisted for 20 minutes. After straining the mixture, it should be consumed 40 minutes before meals (100 milliliters each). Women praise this drainage drink for weight loss very much. Reviews indicate that already two weeks after its introduction into the diet, it is possible to lose 4-5 extra pounds. If the cause of excess weight is exclusively water in the body, then it will be possible to remove 5 kg in just a few days. Both fresh and dried parsley are suitable for making a drink.

Herbal drains

Many people prefer to prepare these effective drainage drinks for weight loss at home. Reviews say: it is best to use horsetail, coltsfoot, calendula. For example, to prepare drainage from the first component, you only need field horsetail (2 tablespoons) and 200 ml of boiling water. Finely chopped leaves of the plant are poured with water and insisted well, after which they drink a quarter cup three times a day.

The coltsfoot works great too. Three tablespoons of dried leaves and flowers of this plant are poured with a cup of boiling water and infused in a thermos for an hour. After use for two weeks (a tablespoon every two hours).

The third recipe for a good drainage drink for weight loss is based on calendula. Two tablespoons of its dried flowers are mixed with 0.5 liters of boiling water, the mixture is allowed to brew. After straining the drink, it can be used three times a day - half a glass before meals. It not only gives amazing results, but is also beneficial for the immune system and human health.

best drink

You will be surprised, but this is ordinary water. She is able to save a person from excess weight. The main thing is to drink it throughout the day in sufficient quantities - at least 2 liters. In order for this simple drainage drink for weight loss to work quickly and at the same time not cause harm, you must follow a few rules. Firstly, water cannot be taken from a tap, only purified, boiled or from a mountain spring is suitable. Secondly, you can not drink ice water, liquid at room temperature will be an excellent option.

For weight loss, you can also drink mineral water. True, it should be non-carbonated. Carbon dioxide strongly irritates the walls of the stomach and intestines, causing an increase in acidity. Therefore, if the liquid is carbonated, unscrew the lid and hold the container in this state for about an hour. Better yet, immediately buy non-carbonated mineral water, which is sold in any store. Lemon juice can be added to part of the liquid. This drink is recommended to drink in the morning before breakfast. It helps to cleanse the body, saturating it with the necessary moisture and vitamins.